Mass Transfer
Steady state equimolal counter diffusion is encountered in

Separation of a binary mixture by distillation
Absorption of NH₃ from air by water
All of these
All liquid-liquid diffusion systems

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Mass Transfer
Molecular diffusion is caused by the

Transfer of molecules from low concentration to high concentration region
Potential energy of the molecules
Thermal energy of the molecules
Activation energy of the molecules

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Mass Transfer
Entrainer used in azeotropic distillation should

Form a new azeotrope of low relative volatility with one of the constituents of the mixture
Have high latent heat of vaporisation
Form a low boiling azeotrope with one of the constituents of the mixture
Have high viscosity to provide high tray efficiency

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