Control Systems
Sparking between the contacts can be reduced by inserting

 a reactor in the line.
 a capacitor in series with the contacts.
  a capacitor in parallel with the contacts.
 a resistor in the line.

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Control Systems
In the integral control of the single area system frequency error is reduced to zero. Then

  integrator output and speed changer position attain a constant value.
 integrator o/p decreases but speed changer position moves up.
 integrator o/p decreases and speed changer position comes down.
 integrator o/p increases but speed changer position comes down.

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