Compressors, Gas Turbines and Jet Engines
Clearance volume in actual reciprocating compressors is essential

To provide cushioning effect
To provide cushioning effect and also to avoid mechanical bang of piston with cylinder head
To attain high volumetric efficiency
To accommodate Valves in the cylinder head

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Compressors, Gas Turbines and Jet Engines
Ratio of compression is the ratio of

Absolute discharge pressure to the absolute intake pressure
Stroke volume and clearance volume
Gauge discharge pressure to the gauge intake pressure
Pressures at discharge and suction corresponding to same temperature

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