Soil Mechanics and Foundation
A cylindrical specimen of saturated soil failed under an axial vertical stress of 100kN/m2 when it was laterally unconfmed. The failure plane was inclined to the horizontal plane at an angle of 45°. The values of cohesion and angle of internal friction for the soil are respectively

0.2 N/mm² and 0°
0.05 N/mm² and 45°
0.5 N/mm² and 30°
0.05 N/mm² and 0°

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
If the water table rises upto ground surface, then the

total stress is increased due to decrease in pore water pressure but effective stress does not change
effective stress is reduced due to increase in pore water pressure only but total stress does not change
effective stress is reduced due to decrease in total stress only but pore water pressure does not change
total stress is reduced due to increase in pore water pressure only but effective stress does not change

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
The major principal stress in an element of cohesion-less soil within the backfill of a retaining wall is

Inclined at 45° to the vertical plane
None of these
Vertical if the soil is in a passive state of plastic equilibrium
Vertical if the soil is in an active state of plastic equilibrium

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