Electrical Machines
R1 is the resistance of the primary winding of the transformer. The turn ratio in terms of primary to secondary is K. Then the equivalent resistance of the primary referred to secondary is

 R1 /K²
 K²R1
 K×R1
 R1 /K

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Electrical Machines
Where the shunt generators are widely used?

 Where voltage variation is needed over a wide load range.
  Where a constant voltage is required over a narrow load range.
 Where often load fluctuation is occurred.
 Where the load is very high.

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