MICROORGANISMS AND DISEASE QUIZ

In the human disease cholera, what is it that actually ends up killing the victim?

the toxin produced by the bacterium

Too little water in the food stream

Dehydration and loss of nutrients

Faulty carrier proteins

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Type III secretion systems are used to inject "effector" proteins directly into a host cell. Salmonella uses a type III secretion system to help the pathogen to

survive within macrophages

activate T cells to proliferate and secrete cytokines

secrete LT (heat labile toxin) and ST (heat stable toxin) into the lumen of the intestine

survive the acid pH of the stomach

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Prontosil is

an effective antibacterial both in animals as well as in in-vitro cultures

an effective antibacterial when used in in-vitro cultures

an effective antibacterial when used in animals

not used as an antibacterial agent

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All infections do not cause fever and all fevers are not due to infections which of the following is an example of non-infections cause of fever?

Malaria

Chicken pox

Rheumatic disease

Typhoid

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Which of these cytokines is also known under the name cachectin?

Interferon gamma

None of these

Interleukin 2

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)

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Cholera toxin is an A-B type toxin in which the B portions bind to a receptor on a host cell and the A portion enters the cell to cause

cleavage of rRNA that results in disruption of ribosome function

ADP ribosylation of guanylate cyclase that stimulates production of cGMP

ADP ribosylation of adenylate cyclase that stops production of cAMP

ADP ribosylation of a G protein that locks it into an active form that stimulates adenylate cyclase to make cAMP

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Immunization with which of the following toxoid induces high titer serum antibody, but does not protect from the corresponding disease?

Diphtheria

Tetanus

Shigellosis

Botulism

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Which of the following statements is not true regarding Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or the disease it causes?

The pathogen contains mycolic acid in its cell wall

Antibodies to the pathogen are protective

The pathogen can live inside macrophages

None of these

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Mucus helps in protecting against pathogens by

lowering the pH

facilitating the growth of normal flora

blocking access and attachment of pathogens to mucosal surfaces

sequestering Iron

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The "A" subunit of diphtheria toxin

lysis macrophages with the release of cytokines

binds host cell receptors found on heart cells

cause ADP ribosylation of a factor involved in protein synthesis

forms cAMP that leads to fluid accumulation

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