Type III secretion systems are used to inject "effector" proteins directly into a host cell. Salmonella uses a type III secretion system to help the pathogen to secrete LT (heat labile toxin) and ST (heat stable toxin) into the lumen of the intestine survive within macrophages activate T cells to proliferate and secrete cytokines survive the acid pH of the stomach TRUE ANSWER : ? YOUR ANSWER : ?
Mucus helps in protecting against pathogens by blocking access and attachment of pathogens to mucosal surfaces sequestering Iron lowering the pH facilitating the growth of normal flora TRUE ANSWER : ? YOUR ANSWER : ?
Lactoferrin helps to protect against pathogens by lowering the pH blocking sebum production facilitating the growth of normal flora sequestering Iron TRUE ANSWER : ? YOUR ANSWER : ?
Fatalities following influenza infection are usually due to the dehydration formation of granulomas in the lung damage to the heart muscle bacterial superinfection TRUE ANSWER : ? YOUR ANSWER : ?
Which of the following statements is not true regarding Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or the disease it causes? None of these The pathogen can live inside macrophages The pathogen contains mycolic acid in its cell wall Antibodies to the pathogen are protective TRUE ANSWER : ? YOUR ANSWER : ?
Coxsackie virus B3, a subgroup of enteroviruses, commonly causes acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis myocarditis muscular dystrophy gastroenteritis TRUE ANSWER : ? YOUR ANSWER : ?
Plastic implants can pose a serious nosocomial infection problem because infected implants usually have to be surgically removed All of these phagocytes have trouble engulfing bacteria embedded in a biofilm phagocytes have trouble moving on the plastic surface TRUE ANSWER : ? YOUR ANSWER : ?
Pseudomembraneous colitis is caused by a spore-forming bacterium caused by a gram-positive bacterium precipitated by the use of certain antibiotics All of these TRUE ANSWER : ? YOUR ANSWER : ?
All infections do not cause fever and all fevers are not due to infections which of the following is an example of non-infections cause of fever? Chicken pox Rheumatic disease Typhoid Malaria TRUE ANSWER : ? YOUR ANSWER : ?
Both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Streptococcus pneumoniae stay in the lung and rarely, if ever, enter the bloodstream are acquired by inhalation have polysaccharide capsules have cell walls that contain a high content of mycolic acids TRUE ANSWER : ? YOUR ANSWER : ?