CELL SIGNALLING AND TRANSDUCTION QUIZ

signaling molecule; target cell; receptors

signaling molecule; target cell; G proteins

kinase; receptor; proteases

signaling molecule; receptor; G proteins

None of these

target cells close to the cell from which it was secreted

target cells distant from its site of synthesis in cells of an endocrine organ

both (a) and (b)

It contains the receptor for the signaling molecule

It is incapable of signal transduction

It is also the site of production for the signaling molecule

It is in the heart muscle

DAG

cGMP

cAMP

All of these

They are involved in signal cascades

They become activated when bound to GDP

They bind to and are regulated by guanine nucleotides

They must be active before the cell can make needed cAMP

bind to cell surface receptors to trigger chemical cascades

never enter the blood of humans

are made in one location of the body but have their effects some distance away

are hydrophilic and so cannot penetrate the plasma membrane

phosphodiesterase C

phospholipase C

lipokinase

phosphokinase C

increase in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger

decrease in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger

decrease in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger

increase in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger

the release of nitric oxide from endothelial cells

All of these

reduced blood pressure

relaxation of smooth muscle cells

the signaling molecule binds to a surface receptor

receptor kinases play a key role in triggering the signal cascade

All of these

phosphorylated proteins act with enzymes to trigger the signal cascade