CELL SIGNALLING AND TRANSDUCTION QUIZ

cGMP

DAG

cAMP

All of these

It would be more difficult to increase blood flow and reduce blood pressure

Nitric oxide would no longer be produced

Smooth muscle cells could not be made to relax

All of these

are hydrophilic and so cannot penetrate the plasma membrane

never enter the blood of humans

bind to cell surface receptors to trigger chemical cascades

are made in one location of the body but have their effects some distance away

None of these

three distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act

three distinct types based on the signaling molecules

two distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act

ATP and GTP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively

GTP and ATP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively

None of these

ATP and GTP by the actions of guanylate cyclase and adenylate cyclase respectively

phosphorylated tyrosine residues

Ca2+

phosphorylated serine residues

GDP

It is a steroid

Since it can enter the cell, it directly affects some specific cell process

It might trigger a signal cascade that causes some effect in a cell

Its receptor is located in the cytosol of the target cell

second messenger

none of these

first messenger

both (a) and (b)

reduced blood pressure

All of these

the release of nitric oxide from endothelial cells

relaxation of smooth muscle cells

Diacyl glycerol

Both (a) and (b)

Phospholipase C

lnositol 1,4,5-triphosphate