Refractory Technology
Pyrometric cone equivalent (PCE) of a refractory is the measure of its

Spalling resistance
Resistance to slag penetration
Fusion point
Resistance to carbon monoxide attack

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Refractory Technology
Thermal conductivity of refractory bricks

Increases with the amount of air entrapped in pores
Increases with decrease in porosity
Decreases with decreases in porosity
Is independent of its porosity and is maximum for insulating bricks

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Refractory Technology
Quartz is

Converted to tridymite on firing between 870 to 1470°C
All of these
Transformed to crystoballite on heating above 1470°C
Stable form of silica upto 870°C

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