System Analysis and Design
The approach used in top-down analysis and design is

all of the listed here
to identify a top level function an d then create a hierarchy of lower-level modules and components.
to identify the top level functions by combining many smaller components into a single entity
to prepare flow charts after programming has been completed

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System Analysis and Design
A system analyst designs a new system by

None of these
developing the system as a large, single unit
propose alternatives to the current system
identifying sub systems and the interfaces between sub systems
adopting a developed system to the present environment

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