Mass Transfer
Plate towers are preferred to packed towers, when large temperature changes are involved, because of the reason that the

None of these
Viscosity variation of the fluids may cause channeling/flooding
Packing may be crushed due to thermal expansion/contraction of the components of the equipments
Pressure drop in the equipment will be very high

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Mass Transfer
If a two phase system is in physical equilibrium; then it means that, the

Total pressure throughout the liquid phase is equal to that throughout the vapor phase
Escaping tendency of each component from the liquid phase to the vapor phase is exactly equal to that from vapor phase to liquid phase
Temperature of the liquid phase is equal to that of the vapor phase
All of these

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Mass Transfer
For water-ethanol system, the minimum reflux ratio

Is the optimum reflux ratio
Is computed from the slope of the upper operating line that is tangent to the equilibrium curve
Is computed from the intercept of the operating line
Cannot be computed

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