Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of a second ring is that it is a

Back up oil control ring which will work in place of the bottom ring when it is broken
Back up compression ring which will work in place of the top ring when it is broken
Compression ring and aids the top ring in sealing and cooling
Cushion ring which prevents piston slap and knock

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The main function of a master cylinder is to

Convert brake pedal force into hydraulic pressure
Adjust the extent of brake pedal free play
Boost the force applied to brake pedal
Ensure that all the wheel brakes are supplied with the same amount of fluid pressure

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The condition that causes vapour locking in a brake system is

An excessively high engine speed on a downhill road
Keeping the vehicle without use for an extended period
Overheating of the fluid due to frequent brake application
Overcooling of the brakes during high speed driving

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