Mass Transfer
When the solvent dissolves very little of solute, then

Large quantity of solvent is required to extract the solute
Very small quantity of solvent is required
Solvent of low latent heat of vaporisation should be used
Solvent of low freezing point should be used

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Mass Transfer
Priming in a distillation column

Is desirable from point efficiency consideration
Results from very low gas velocity
Is characterised by the presence of foam throughout the space between trays
Reduces the overall pressure drop

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Mass Transfer
Channelling is most severe

At very high liquid flow rate
In towers packed randomly with crushed solids
In towers packed with stacked packing
In dumped packing of regular units

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