Electrical Machines
The introduction of interpoles in between the main poles improves the performance of a dc machine, because

 the interpoles produce additional flux to augment the developed torque
 a counter-emf is induced in the coil undergoing commutation
 the flux waveform is improved with reduction in harmonics
 the inequality of air-gap flux on the top and bottom halves of the armature is removed

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Electrical Machines
The residual magnetism of a self-excited dc generator is lost. To build up its emf again

 the field winding connection must be reversed
 field winding must be excited by low voltage dc supply
 the field winding must be replaced
 the armature connection must be reversed

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