Engineering Thermodynamics
Coke is produced

When coal is first dried and then crushed to a fine powder by pulverizing machine
By heating wood with a limited supply of air to a temperature not less than 280°C
From the finely ground coal by moulding under pressure with or without a binding material
When coal is strongly heated continuously for 42 to 48 hours in the absence of air in a closed vessel

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Engineering Thermodynamics
The specific heat at constant volume is

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water through one degree
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of unit mass of gas through one degree, at constant volume
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of unit mass of gas through one degree, at constant pressure
Any one of the above

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Engineering Thermodynamics
Work-done during adiabatic expansion is given by (where p1 v1, T1 = Pressure, volume and temperature for the initial condition of gas, p2, v2, T2 = Corresponding values for the final condition of gas, R = Gas constant, and γ = Ratio of specific heats)

All of these
[m R T1/(γ - 1)][1 - (p2, v2 /p1 v1)]
[m R (T1 - T2)] /(γ - 1)
(p1 v1 - p2, v2)/(γ - 1)

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