Machine Design
For same pulley diameters, center distance, belt speed and belt and pulley materials,

Open belt drive transmits more power than crossed belt drive
Power transmission does not depend upon open and crossed types of constructions
Open and crossed belt drives transmit same power
Crossed belt drive transmits more power than open belt drive

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Machine Design
Split nut is a locking device in which

One smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming
Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter pin splitted and bent in reverse direction at the other end
A hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip
A slot is cut partly in middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening screw

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Machine Design
The effective stress in wire ropes during normal working is equal to the stress due to

Axial load plus stress due to bending
Bending plus stress due to acceleration/retardation
Acceleration/retardation of masses plus stress due to bending
Axial load plus stress due to acceleration/retardation

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