Surveying
In observations of equal precision, the most probable values of the observed quantities are those that render the sum of the squares of the residual errors a minimum, is the fundamental principle of

Legendre's method
Gauss' Mid Latitude formula
D'Alembert's method
Least square method

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Surveying
Transit rule of adjusting the consecutive coordinates of a traverse is used where

All of these
linear and angular measurements of the traverse are of equal accuracy
angular measurements are more accurate than linear measurements
linear measurements are more accurate than angular measurements

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