Surveying
The position of a heavenly body on the celestial sphere can be completely specified by

Its declination and right ascension
Its altitude and azimuth
Its declination and hour angle
All listed here

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Surveying
The meridian of a place is

An arc of the great circle which passes through the place and is perpendicular to the equator
A great circle passing through the place and the poles
A semi-circle which passes through the place and is terminated at the poles
A great circle whose plane is perpendicular to the axis of rotation and it also passes through the place

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