Heat and Mass Transfer
In convection heat transfer from hot flue gases to water tube, even though flow may be turbulent, a laminar flow region (boundary layer of film) exists close to the tube. The heat transfer through this film takes place by

Convection
Radiation
Both convection and conduction
Conduction

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Heat and Mass Transfer
Film coefficient is defined as the ratio of

Thermal conductivity to the equivalent thickness of the film of fluid
Thickness of film of fluid to the temperature drop through the films of fluids
Temperature drop through the films of fluids to the thickness of film of fluids
Thickness of film of fluid to the thermal conductivity

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