Heat Transfer
In Biot number, the characteristic length used is the ratio of the __________ of the solid.

Surface area to perimeter
Volume to surface area
Perimeter to surface area
Surface area to volume

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Heat Transfer
Vacuum is generally maintained in the vapour space of an evaporator mainly to

Concentrate heat sensitive materials
Get economical temperature difference by using moderate pressure steam
Facilitate forward feeding in multiple effect evaporation
Achieve very high concentration of the final product

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