Machine Design
A bolt of M 24 × 2 means that

The pitch of the thread is 24 mm and depth is 2 mm
The nominal diameter of bolt is 24 mm and pitch is 2 mm
Cross-sectional area of the threads is 24 mm²
The effective diameter of bolt is 24 mm and there are 2 threads per cm

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Machine Design
Pitch point of a cam is

Any point on the pitch circle
A point on the pitch curve having minimum pressure angle
A point on the pitch curve having maximum pressure angle
Any point on the pitch curve

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Machine Design
The cracks in helical springs used in railway carriages usually start on the inner side of the coil because of the fact that

It is more stretched than the outer side during the manufacturing process
It has a lower curvature than the outer side
It is subjected to a higher stress than the outer side
It is subjected to a higher cyclic loading than the outer side

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