Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In an ideal impulse turbine, the

Absolute velocity at the inlet of moving blade is equal to that at the outlet
Whirl velocity at inlet is equal to that at the outlet
Relative velocity at the inlet of the moving blade is equal to that at the outlet
Axial velocity at inlet is equal to that at the outlet

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In designing air preheaters, the important design consideration is that

Handling and maintenance should be easier
Heat transfer area should be optimum
Approach temperature should be as low as possible
Stack gases should not be cooled to the dew point

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