Irrigation Engineering
In a syphon aqueduct

Drainage passes over the canal and F.S.L. of the canal is below the bottom of the drainage trough
Canal passes over the drainage and H.F.L. of the drainage is below the bottom of the canal trough
Canal passes over the drainage and H.F.L. of the drainage is above the bottom of the canal trough
Drainage passes over the canal and F.S.L. of the canal is above the bottom of the drainage trough

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Irrigation Engineering
Effective precipitation for a crop may be defined as

Available water stored in soil within root zone of the crop
Total precipitation minus the loss due to infiltration
Total precipitation minus the loss due to evaporation
Total precipitation during the crop period

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