Electrical Machines
In a DC generator, the ripples in the direct emf generated are reduced by employing

  commutator with large number of segments.
  equalizer rings.
 graphite brushes.
  carbon brushes.

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Electrical Machines
Torque angle of a synchorous machine operating from a constant voltage bus is usually defined as the space angle between

  Rotor mmf wave and stator mmf wave.
 Stator mmf wave and resultant mmf wave.
 Stator mmf wave and resultant flux density.
 Rotor mmf wave and resultant flux density wave.

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Electrical Machines
The 3 - Φ induction motors are, by a very considerable margin, the most widely used AC motors as

  they have maximum efficiency and maximum starting torque.
  they have very good speed regulation.
  they are capable of operation under range of leading and lagging pf.
  these are cheaper in cost, simple and rugged in construction.

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