AC Fundamentals, Circuit and Circuit Theory
The phase difference between voltage and current wave through a circuit element is given as 30°. The essential condition is that

Both waves must have identical peak values
Both waves must have zero value at the same time
None of the listed here
Both waves must have same frequency

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AC Fundamentals, Circuit and Circuit Theory
Poor power factor

Overloads alternators, transformers and distribution lines
Results in more power losses in the electrical system
All of the listed here
Reduces load handling capability of electrical system

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