RCC Structures Design
If d is the diameter of a bar, ft is allowable tensile stress and fb, is allowable bond stress, the bond length is given by

ft .d/4fb
π ft .d²/fb
(π/4). (ft .d3/fb)
(π/4). (ft .d/fb)

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RCC Structures Design
If the length of a combined footing for two columns l meters apart is L and the projection on the left side of the exterior column is x, then the projection y on the right side of the exterior column, in order to have a uniformly distributed load, is (where x̅ is the distance of centre of gravity of column loads).

y = L - (l - x̅)
y = L/2 + (l - x̅)
y = L/2 - (l + x̅)
y = L/2 - (l - x̅)

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