Surveying
‘H’ is the flying height above mean ground level and ‘f’ is the principal distance of a vertical photograph. The mean scale of the photographs is

H + f
f/H
H/f
H. f

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Surveying
Dumpy level is most suitable when

many readings are to be taken from a single setting of the instrument
the instrument is to be shifted frequently
fly levelling is being done over long distance
All of these

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