Power Systems
Gross head of an hydroelectric power station is

 the height of water level in the river where the storage is provided.
 the height of water level in the river where the tail race is provided.
  the difference of water level between the level in storage and tail race.
 all of above.

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Power Systems
Advantages of shunt compensation is/are

 It requires less maintanance
All of these
 single unit can be used as both capacitance and inductor by adjusting the excitation
 smooth voltage regulation is possible by controlling excitation

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