Al Biruni was made court astrologer in Ghazni and he accompanied with Mahmud on his invasions on India. He lived for several years here and is considered to be first Indologist.
Sufism or mysticism emerged in the 8th century. Some of the early known Sufis are as follows: Rabia al-Adawiya, Al-Junaid, and Bayazid Bastami. Sufism evolved into a well-developed movement by the end of the 11th century.
EXAMIANS