Heat and Mass Transfer
Fourier's law of heat conduction is (where Q = Amount of heat flow through the body in unit time, A = Surface area of heat flow, taken at right angles to the direction of heat flow, dT = Temperature difference on the two faces of the body, dx = Thickness of the body, through which the heat flows, taken along the direction of heat flow, and k = Thermal conductivity of the body)

k. (dT/dx)
k. (dx/dT)
k. A. (dx/dT)
k. A. (dT/dx)

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Heat and Mass Transfer
Kirchhoff's law states that

None of these
The total radiation from a black body per second per unit area is directly proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature
The wave length corresponding to the maximum energy is proportional to the absolute temperature
The ratio of the emissive power and absorptive power of all bodies is the same and is equal to the emissive power of a perfectly black body

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Heat and Mass Transfer
Which of the following would lead to a reduction in thermal resistance?

In conduction, reduction in the thickness of the material and an increase in thermal conductivity.
All of these
In convection, stirring of the fluid and cleaning the heating surface.
In radiation, increasing the temperature and reducing the emissivity.

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