Heat and Mass Transfer
Fouling factor is used

When a liquid exchanges heat with a gas
In heat exchanger design as a safety factor
In case of Newtonian fluids
None of these

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Heat and Mass Transfer
According of Kirchhoff's law

Emissive power and absorptivity are constant for all bodies
Radiant heat is proportional to fourth power of absolute temperature
Ratio of emissive power to absorptive power for all bodies is same and is equal to the emissive power of a perfectly black body
Emissive power depends on temperature

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