Engineering Thermodynamics
An isolated system is one in which

Mass crosses the boundary but not the energy
Mass does not cross boundaries of the system, though energy may do so
Neither mass nor energy crosses the boundaries of the system
Both energy and mass cross the boundaries of the system

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Engineering Thermodynamics
The work ratio of a gas turbine plant is given by

(Isentropic increase in temperature)/(Actual increase in temperature)
(Net work output)/(Heat supplied)
(Net work output)/(Work-done by the turbine)
(Actual temperature drop)/(Isentropic temperature drop)

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