Machine Design
For unequal width of butt straps, the thicknesses of butt straps are

0.75 t for narrow strap on the inside and 0.625 t for wide strap on the outside
0.625 t for both the straps on the inside and outside
0.75 t for wide strap on the inside and 0.625 t for narrow strap on the outside
0.75 t for both the straps on the inside and outside

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Machine Design
In the calculation of induced shear stress in helical springs, the Wahl's stress factor is used to take care of

Combined effect of torsional shear stress and transverse shear stress in the wire
Combined effect of bending stress and curvature of the wire
Combined effect of transverse shear stress and bending stress in the wire
Combined effect of transverse shear stress and curvature of wire

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