Process Control and Instrumentation
Flow rate of those fluids which are insensitive to changes in their density, viscosity or flow velocity profile can be best measured by a

Flow nozzle type flowmeter
Magnetic flowmeter
Pitot tube
Turbine flowmeter

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Process Control and Instrumentation
Normal mercury thermometer can be used to measure a temperature of about 300°C. However, its maximum temperature measurement range can be increased upto about 500°C by

Increasing the diameter of the tube
Using steel tube in place of glass tube
Filling nitrogen under pressure in the stem
Accounting for the tube expansion

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