Engineering Materials
The brown smoke during the operation of a Bessemer converter indicates that the

The brown smoke does not occur during the operation of a Bessemer converter
Air is burning out silicon and manganese
The converter must be titled to remove the contents of the converter
Silicon and manganese has burnt and carbon has started oxidizing

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Engineering Materials
In process annealing, the hypo eutectoid steel is

Heated below or closes to the lower critical temperature and then cooled slowly
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled suddenly in a suitable cooling medium
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled in still air
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled slowly in the furnace

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