System Analysis and Design
Direct-access organization

has records placed randomly throughout the file
means storing records in contiguous blocks according to a key.
uses an index for each key type
Stores records sequentially but uses an index to locate records

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System Analysis and Design
Data manipulation language (DML)

describes how data are structured in the data base
determine how data must be structured to produce the user's view
specifies for the DBMS what is required; the techniques used to process data
all of the listed here

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