System Analysis and Design
The black-box concept:

None of these
All of these
is invoked by describing a system in terms of inputs and outputs, leaving the transformation process a black box.
assumes that inputs and outputs will remain stable
assumes that the black box is independent

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System Analysis and Design
In Decision trees

None of these
the branch depends on the condition and decisions to made
nodes represent the conditions, with the right side of tree listing the actions to be taken
the root is drawn on the left and is the starting point on the decision sequence.
All of these

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