Structural Analysis
The minimum horizontal distance between two parallel main reinforcing bars, is

Greatest value of the above
5 mm more than nominal maximum size of the coarse aggregate
The diameter of the longer bar if their diameters are unequal
The diameter of the bar if their diameters are same

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Structural Analysis
The effective length of lacing is the distance

Between the inner ends of effective lengths of welds connecting the members
All of these
Between the inner end rivets of the bar for single lacing
0.7 of the distance between the inner end rivets of the bar for double lacing

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Structural Analysis
To generate the j th column of the flexibility matrix

a unit displacement is applied at co-ordinate j and the forces are calculated at all coordinates
a unit displacement is applied at co-ordinate j and the displacements are calculated at all co-ordinates
a unit force is applied at coordinate j and the displacements are calculated at all coordinates
a unit force is applied at coordinate j and the forces are calculated at all coordinates

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