Computer Networking
Data link layer retransmits the damaged frames in most networks. If the probability of a frame's being damaged is p, what is the mean number of transmissions required to send a frame if acknowledgements are never lost.

KIK (1 + F)
None of these
1/ (1 - F)
K I (K - P)
P I (K + 1)

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Computer Networking
A network administrator views the output from the show ip route command. A network that is advertised by both RIP and IGRP appears in the routing table flagged as an IGRP route. Why is the RIP route to this network not used in the routing table?

IGRP has a lower administrative distance.
RIP has a higher metric value for that route.
IGRP has a faster update timer.
The IGRP route has fewer hops.

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Computer Networking
The application layer of a network

None of these
All of these
establishes, maintains, and terminates virtual circuits
consists of software being run on the computer connected to the network
defines the user's port into the network

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