Computer Networking
Data link layer retransmits the damaged frames in most networks. If the probability of a frame's being damaged is p, what is the mean number of transmissions required to send a frame if acknowledgements are never lost.

None of these
KIK (1 + F)
1/ (1 - F)
P I (K + 1)
K I (K - P)

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Computer Networking
Which statement describes a spanning-tree network that has converged?

All switch and bridge ports are assigned as either root or designated ports.
All switch and bridge ports are in the forwarding state.
All switch and bridge ports are either blocking or looping.
All switch and bridge ports are in either the forwarding or blocking state.

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Computer Networking
An encyclopedic database

is easy for beginners to use
None of these
is an information utility that specializes in storing and searching information
All of these
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Computer Networking
You want to create a standard access list that denies the subnet of the following host: 172.16.144.17/21. Which of the following would you start your list with?

access-list 10 deny 172.16.48.0 255.255.240.0
access-list 10 deny 172.16.64.0 0.0.31.255
access-list 10 deny 172.16.136.0 0.0.15.255
access-list 10 deny 172.16.144.0 0.0.7.255

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Computer Networking
Which of the following technique is used for fragment?

All of these
None of these
one of the pieces that results when an IP gateway divides an IP datagram into smaller pieces for transmission across a network that cannot handle the original datagram size
a technique used in best-effort delivery systems to avoid endlessly looping packets
a technique used by protocols in which a lower level protocol accepts a message from a higher level protocol and places it in the data portion of the low level frame

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