Mass Transfer
Channelling is most severe

At very high liquid flow rate
In towers packed randomly with crushed solids
In towers packed with stacked packing
In dumped packing of regular units

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Mass Transfer
For the air water system under ambient conditions, the adiabatic saturation temperature and the wet bulb temperature are nearly equal, because

Water has a high latent heat of evaporation
Lewis number is close to unity
They are always equal under all circumstances
Solubility of the components of air in water is very small

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Mass Transfer
The rate of solid-liquid extraction is limited by the

Phase change of the solute as it dissolves in the solvent
Diffusion of the solute through the solvent in the pores to the outside of the particle
All of these
Diffusion of the solute from the solution in contact with the particle to the main bulk of the solution

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