Mass Transfer
Bollman extractor

Is a static bed leaching equipment
Employs only counter-current extraction
Is a centrifugal extractor
Is used for extraction of oil from oilseed

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Mass Transfer
Priming in a distillation column

Is characterised by the presence of foam throughout the space between trays
Results from very low gas velocity
Reduces the overall pressure drop
Is desirable from point efficiency consideration

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Mass Transfer
In case of steam distillation, the steam leaving the liquid is not completely saturated with distillate vapour, because

Mixing of steam with the material being vaporised is not so intimate as to result in equilibrium condition
Total pressure is less
Saturated steam is used for steam distillation
Temperature is less

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