Mass Transfer
Blowdown in a cooling tower

Increases the scale forming tendencies of water
Is undesirable
Means discarding a small fraction of circulating water to prevent and limit the concentration of salt and impurities
All of these

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Mass Transfer
The rate of solid-liquid extraction is limited by the

Diffusion of the solute from the solution in contact with the particle to the main bulk of the solution
Phase change of the solute as it dissolves in the solvent
All of these
Diffusion of the solute through the solvent in the pores to the outside of the particle

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