Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Bishop’s method of stability analysis

neglects the effect of forces acting on the sides of the slices
is more conservative
All of these
assumes the slip surface as an arc of a circle

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Effective stress on soil

Decreases voids ratio and increases permeability
Increases both voids ratio and permeability
Increases voids ratio and decreases permeability
Decreases both voids ratio and permeability

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
The major principal stress in an element of cohesion-less soil within the backfill of a retaining wall is

None of these
Vertical if the soil is in an active state of plastic equilibrium
Vertical if the soil is in a passive state of plastic equilibrium
Inclined at 45° to the vertical plane

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