Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Within the consolidation process of a saturated clay

both neutral pressure and effective pressure increase
a gradual increase in neutral pressure and a gradual decrease in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant
a gradual decrease in neutral pressure and a gradual increase in effective pressure takes place and sum of the two is constant
both neutral pressure and effective pressure decrease

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
For a loose sand sample and a dense sand sample consolidated to the same effective stress

ultimate strength is different but peak strength is same
ultimate strength is same but peak
ultimate strength is same and also peak strength is same
ultimate strength is same but peak strength of dense sand is greater than that of loose sand

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