Process Equipment and Plant Design
For a cylindrical shell, (subject to the thickness of uppermost course being more than the minimum for diaofthe tank in question), the thickness of the courses of shell

Decreases upwards
May decrease or increase upwards depending upon whether vacuum or positive pressure would be maintained inside the shell
Increases upwards
Remains same throughout

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to the comparative evaluation of performance of the packed tower and the plate tower.

Plate tower is preferred over packed tower, if the operation involves liquids containing dispersed solids
The total weight of a dry plate tower is usually much more than that of a dry packed tower designed for the same duty
Plate tower is perferred, if interstage cooling is required to remove heats of reaction or solution
In operations involving large temperature changes. (e.g. distillation), plate towers are preferred over packed towers as the packing may be crushed due to large temperature changes

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Smoker's equation for the calculation of number of equilibrium stages in a continuous binary distillation column is used, when the

Number of equilibrium stages required is likely to be very small
Relative volatility is close to one (e.g., separation of close boiling isomers)
Feed is not at its bubble point
Number of equilibrium stages in only stripping section is to be calculated

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