Machine Design
According to I.B.R., when the thickness of boiler shell (t) is greater than 8 mm, then the diameter of rivet hole (d) is obtained by

Equating shearing resistance to the crushing resistance of the rivets
None of these
Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the crushing resistance of the rivets
Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the shearing resistance of the rivets

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Machine Design
When a machine member is subjected to torsion, the torsional shear stress set up in the member is

Maximum at both the centroidal axis and outer surface of the member
Maximum at the centroidal axis and zero at the outer surface of the member
Zero at the centroidal axis and maximum at the outer surface of the member
Zero at both the centroidal axis and outer surface of the member

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