Machine Design
A shaft coupling should

All of these
Be easy to connect or disconnect
Transmit full power of the shaft
Hold the shafts in perfect alignment

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Machine Design
Split nut is a locking device in which

Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter pin splitted and bent in reverse direction at the other end
A hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip
A slot is cut partly in middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening screw
One smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming

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Machine Design
Cap screws are

Used to prevent relative motion between parts
Similar to small size tap bolts except that a greater variety of shapes of heads are available
Provided with detachable caps
Slotted for a screw driver and generally used with a nut

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