Soil Mechanics and Foundation
A pycnometer is used to determine

water content and specific gravity
water content and voids ratio
voids ratio and dry density
specific gravity and dry density

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
With the increase in the amount of compaction energy

both optimum water content and maximum dry density increase
optimum water content decreases but maximum dry density increases
optimum water content increases but maximum dry density decreases
both optimum water content and maximum dry density decrease[ES 93]

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