Electrical Machines
A large series motor is never started without some mechanical on it because otherwise it will

  Develop excessive speed and damage itself.
 Draw too much current.
 Open fuse or circuit breaker.
 Produce sparking at brushes.

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Electrical Machines
In an alternator, voltage drops occurs in

  armature resistance, leakage reactance, armature reaction and earth connection.
  armature resistance only.
  armature resistance, leakage reactance and armature reaction.
  armature resistance and leakage reactance.

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