Automobile Engineering in ME
The advantage of having a tandem master cylinder arrangement in automobiles is that it

Boosts the brake fluid pressure to reduce the force required to depress the brake pedal
Supplies equal fluid pressure to each line of a divided line brake circuit, thereby preventing the brakes from dragging on one side
Enhances safety by serving two independent lines in a divided line brake circuit
Enhances safety by activating the brakes using vacuum pressure in the event of brake fluid loss

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of a second ring is that it is a

Back up compression ring which will work in place of the top ring when it is broken
Compression ring and aids the top ring in sealing and cooling
Cushion ring which prevents piston slap and knock
Back up oil control ring which will work in place of the bottom ring when it is broken

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The lubrication oil flow in an engine is in the order as

Oil strainer, oil pump, relief valve, oil filter, cylinder block, cylinder head and oil pan
Oil strainer, oil pump, relief valve, oil filter, cylinder head, cylinder block and oil pan
Oil strainer, oil filter, relief valve, oil pump, cylinder block, cylinder head and oil pan
Oil pump, oil strainer, relief valve, oil filter, cylinder block, cylinder head and oil pan

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