Automobile Engineering in ME
The basic purpose of a four wheel drive (4WD) system is that it

Ensures that effective braking can be performed, even on slippery surfaces
Ensures effective transmission of engine torque to all four wheels, even on slippery road surfaces
Delivers improved cornering on dry road surfaces
Eliminates the need of snow tyres, tyre chains, etc.

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Automobile Engineering in ME
It is necessary to maintain the valve clearances as they

Reduce the resistance to sliding that occurs between the cam and the tappet
Make the crankshaft turn smoothly
Allow for lengthening of the valves owing to the heat of combustion
Increase the speed at which the valves move up and down

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of oil control rings is that it

Prevents engine oil from going into the combustion chamber and returns excess lubricating oil off the cylinder wall through the return holes in the piston to the oil pan
Maintains a seal and prevents escape of burned gases and oil leakage
Lubricates the cylinder wall by releasing oil from its hole
Keeps the cylinder wall lubricated by holding oil in its channel

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