Heat and Mass Transfer
A heat exchanger with heat transfer surface area A and overall heat transfer coefficient U handles two fluids of heat capacities Cmax and Cmin. The number of transfer units (NTU) used in the analysis of heat exchanger is specified as

Cmin/U
U/A.Cmin
U/Cmin
U.Cmin

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Heat and Mass Transfer
The time constant of a thermocouple is

The time taken to attain 50% of the value of initial temperature difference
The time taken to attain 63.2% of the value of initial temperature difference
The time taken to attain the final temperature to be measured
Determined by the time taken to reach 100°C from 0°C

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